African Ledger
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Entries
Essays, policy briefs and country analysis
Every entry published by African Ledger, newest first. Two essays and three policy briefs a month, for trade practitioners, policymakers and AfCFTA scholars.
Can Africa pay its way to industrialisation? Subsidies under the AfCFTA and the WTO
Institutions now tell African governments to subsidise industry. But the AfCFTA never defines a subsidy, bans no category, sets no test for harm, and makes nobody declare what they pay.…
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Can Africa ban its way to Industrialisation? Mineral Export Restrictions under the AfCFTA and the GATT
African states are banning unprocessed mineral exports to force value addition at home. The objective is sound. The instrument is caught by AfCFTA article 9 and GATT article XI:1, and…
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